The issue definitely hasn't been fixed with version 2 of the patch. I've seen the blank cart page on 4 sites all with version 2 of the patch when compilation is turned on. However, it may also depend on your configuration. On 1.9.3.6 when I set System ->Configuration ->System->Log->Enable Log to No, the problem disappears.
Edit: Okay, it looks like it may have been fixed with version 2 of the patch but then reintroduced in patch SUPEE 10752
