The most common way to achieve this is to create a category or sub-category page that lists the various configurable products you'd like to present together. You could use a different layout for this specific category page so that it helps you achieve the desired user experience. For instance, you could use a List View for your Products instead of a traditional Grid View.
To more specifically address your question, no, there isn't a native product type that's built to display a variety of configurable products. This is intended to be handled via a Category/Sub-Category page.
Best of luck!
