Hello.
Yes, in new install you need to create the same attribute sets and attributes as in old installation. You wouldn't have to create all the attributes yourself as by default Magento provides Default attribute set with a list of pre-set product attributes. You need to add other attribute sets (of there were any in old installation) and new attributes.
In default Magento there is no way to export/import attribute sets with attributes, so you will have to re-create them manually in new installation or use extension, like Store Manager for Magento (you can download free 14-day version from the link in my signature) and using it you can transfer data, here is tutorial - https://www.mag-manager.com/useful-articles/how-to/how-to-transfer-magento-data-from-one-store-to-an...
After attribute sets and attributes are created, you will be able to import product data assigning corresponding attribute values. Just mind that Magento has the list of required fields you need to include in your file, like - SKU, product type, attribute set, price etc.
I'm recommending to create at least 1 product manually in new install and export it. You will have format with columns and info in them to which you have to adjust your import file to.
